What is the meaning of drought-resistant crop?
Drought resistance can be defined as the capacity of a crop to successfully produce a satisfactory yield in water shortage conditions (Luo, 2010). Barley is a resilient cereal crop that exhibits drought tolerance, but it still experiences negative effects on growth, yield and development under drought stress. Understanding the mechanisms of drought tolerance and developing breeding strategies are crucial for improving barley’s resilience to drought conditions.Definition. Drought-resistant varieties refer to plants that have been specifically bred or genetically modified to survive and thrive in conditions of limited water availability.By harnessing these genetic advancements, scientists have successfully developed varieties of drought-tolerant rice, maize, and wheat that can be cultivated in regions facing water shortages.Sorghum is a highly drought-tolerant crop and has been increasingly used as a model cereal to identify genes that confer tolerance. Also, there is considerable natural variation in resistance to drought in different sorghum genotypes.
Is corn a drought-resistant crop?
Can Corn Tolerate Drought? Corn is sensitive to lack of water, but some varieties of corn can withstand drought better than others. Often referred to as drought tolerant (DT) corn, these varieties are designed to withstand prolonged dry periods. Most specialty crops (such as fruits, vegetables, tree nuts, and medicinal herbs) are more vulnerable to drought than field crops and have a higher value per unit of land/water. They may therefore represent a higher risk for experiencing economic loss in drought if the crop water demand exceeds water supply.Staple food crops like sorghum, cassava, sweet potato, pearl millet, cowpea and groundnut are naturally more drought-tolerant than maize.Maize is a versatile crop that can grow in a wide range of climatic conditions. It is true that maize can be grown in areas with lower rainfall and moderate temperatures, but the crop’s specific requirements may vary depending on the variety and the stage of growth.Natural Region IV Although NR IV is considered unsuitable for dryland cropping, smallholder farmers grow drought-tolerant varieties of maize, sorghum, pearl millet (mhunga) and finger millet (rapoko).
How can crops breed for drought resistance?
Drought-resistance-related genetic loci can be introduced into target varieties via hybridization or transgenic technology to attain genetic improvement of crops. Drought priming and applying exogenous plant growth regulators can also maintain plant yield under drought conditions. Conclusion: JM418, HM19,SM22, H4399, HG35, and GY2018 exhibited excellent drought tolerance and,therefore, can be used as ideal references to study the drought tolerance mechanism in wheat and breeding drought-tolerant wheat cultivars.Wheat genotypes with good water management are able to bear high yields in drought conditions [152]. Genotypes with proper water management could be used to create new breeding lines and cultivars with developed drought resistance.Drought tolerance is a complex quantitative polygenic trait controlled by a large number of genes and thus, it is difficult to understand the molecular and physiological mechanisms [1,12]. Until now, genetically-modified Glycine max (soybean) and Zea mays (maize) for drought tolerance have been developed and approved.
What are the drought-resistant crops in Uganda?
These include, among others, groundnuts, maize, cassava, millet, beans, and pastures that are drought-resistant and high-yielding. Pearl Millet (Bajra): The Champion of Drought Resistance. Pearl millet, or bajra, is one of the most prominent drought-resistant crops in India. Known for its ability to withstand extreme heat and drought conditions, bajra is widely grown in arid and semi-arid regions.Pearl Millet (Bajra): Pearl Millet, scientifically known as Pennisetum glaucum, is a resilient crop that exhibits remarkable tolerance to drought conditions, making it well-suited for cultivation in arid and semi-arid climates. It is commonly referred to as Bajra in various places.The C4 grass pearl millet is one of the most drought tolerant cereals and is primarily grown in marginal areas where annual rainfall is low and intermittent.
What are the three drought resistant crops which are grown in Region 4?
Natural Region IV Although NR IV is considered unsuitable for dryland cropping, smallholder farmers grow drought-tolerant varieties of maize, sorghum, pearl millet (mhunga) and finger millet (rapoko). These include, among others, groundnuts, maize, cassava, millet, beans, and pastures that are drought-resistant and high-yielding.
Is wheat a drought-resistant crop?
Morphology, physiology and biochemistry of wheat is severely affected under drought stress condition. The severity depends upon the time, stage and severity of water stress. Drought stress produces reactive oxygen species that cause the oxidative damage to the crops. Salicylic Acid. The salicylic acid (SA) hormone is associated with drought tolerance and signaling in plants (Miura and Tada, 2014). In response to drought stress, SA biosynthesis takes place via both the isochorismate pathway and the phenylpropanoid pathway.Plants respond to drought stress by complex adjustments including stomatal closure and induction of drought-responsive genes, in which the phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) plays a major role2. Drought stress stimulates ABA biosynthesis3,4,5.